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인장시험에대한 레포트 입니다.목차
Ⅰ. 서론 ················································································ 11.1. 인장시험 목적································································ 1
1.2. 관련이론··········································································· 2
1.3 용어정리··································································· 2
1.3.1 응력··································································· 2
1.3.2 변형··································································· 3
1.3.3 응력과 변형률의 관계·············································· 3
1.3.4 연신률 (Elongation Percentage)············································· 4
1.3.5 단면 수축률 (Reduction of area)········································· 4
1.3.6 인장 강도································································ 5
1.3.7 변형율 속도 민감도························································5 1.3.8 진응력 - 진변형율 곡선······················································6
Ⅱ. 본론 ··············································································· 11
2.1 시험기구 및 재료································································ 11
2.1.1 탄소강의 성질 ······························································· 13
2.2 시험 준비 및 방법······························································· 14
2.3 시험편 결과 관찰·······························································16
Ⅲ. 결과 및 고찰 ································································· 17
3.1 실험값························································· 17
3.2 실험 결과 고찰························································· 18
3.3 실험 결과 그래프······························································19
3.5 고찰··············································································21
Ⅳ. 참고문헌········································································ 21
본문내용
Ⅰ. 서론1.1. 인장시험 목적
인장시험은 공업용 재료의 기계적 성질을 알기 위한 기본적인 시험으로써 일정한 속도로 반대방향으로 잡아당기는 힘에 대한 물질의 저항성을 측정하는 실험이다. 재료강도에 관한 기본적인 설계 정보를 얻기 위해 가장 널리 사용된다. 이를 통해 공업용 재료의 변형 과정과 응력의 변화를 조사하며, 재료의 항복강도, 인장강도, 연신율, 단면 수축율 등의 기계적인 특성과 탄성한계, 비례한계, 포아송비, 탄성계수의 물리적 특성을 구하는 것을 목적으로 한다.
이러한 특성은 기계 설계의 자료로 이용되며 생산된 제품의 품질관리와 화학 분석 및 현미경 조직 시험과 더불어 재료의 열처리 fabricating process 등의 검토, 미지의 재료에 대한 판정에 이용된다.
기계 및 구조물을 만들 때 사용되는 금속재료에 대해서는 한국 공업 규격 KSD 0801∼0811에 규정되어 있다. 재료시험은 재료의 성질을 시험하게 되므로 그 재료의 일부에서 시험편을 잘라내어 이것으로 그 성질을 시험한다.
아래 그림은 KS B 0801에 규정된 4호 인장 시험편의 보기를 나타낸 것이다. 시험편의 표점은 버니어캠퍼스로 가볍게 긁어서 표시하고, 표점거리를 구하여 연신율의 측정 기준으로 사용한다.
보통 환봉이나 판 등의 평행부를 갖는 시험편을 축방향으로 인장하중을 가해 하중과 변형을 측정한다. 이로부터 측정할 수 있는 값은 연성재료와 취성재료가 다르며, 연성재료에서는 인장강도, 항복점, 연신율, 및 단면수축율이고 취성재료에서는 인장강도와 연신율이다.
인장시험에 의해 측정될 수 있는 재료의 기계적 성질로서는 그 외에
참고 자료
재료기초실험 page 20∼30Naver Blog, 지식in, google, yahoo.co.kr
