[생물학]【A+】sem EIB RNAi

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RNA Interference (RNAi)
RNA interference (RNAi) was recently discovered as a mechanism used by cells for regulating gene expression. It refers to the process of sequence-specific post-transcriptional gene silencing in animals mediated by short interfering RNAs (siRNAs). This discovery has quickly resulted in the widespread use of artificial interfering RNAs as an important laboratory research technique for altering the amount of specific proteins inside cells.

The sense and antisense RNA strands form double strand RNA that is processed to small (about 20 base pairs long) inhibitory RNA (siRNA) by a dicer (an enzyme called ribonuclease III). The siRNA can form a molecular complex with proteins (several proteins are required for efficient RNA interference). The protein-containing complex was named "RNA-induced silencing complex", RISC. It first strips away the sense strand of RNA, making the antisense inhibitory RNA (iRNA) available for base pairing with messenger RNA (mRNA). This targets a specific mRNA for destruction, resulting in inhibition of the biological function that would otherwise be served by the protein coded for by the mRNA.

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