특강-enzyme

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효소의 역사 / History of enzyme
효소의 발견 및 발전역사 개요
o BC: 약 7000년 동안 동물의 위에서 chymosin을 이용, 치즈를 만들어 먹었음.
o 1850s, Louis Pasteur :
fermentation of sugar into alcohol by yeast is catalyzed by "ferments".
........inseparable from living cells.
o 1878, Kuhne : first used term "enzyme"(Greek "in yeast")
o 1894, Emil Fischer : enzyme specificity(`lock and key` hypothesis)
o 1897, Eduard Buchner :
succeeded in extracting in soluble enzyme(sugar→alcohol)
o 1926, James Sumner :
isolation of enzyme(urease) in crystalline form. "enzyme consists of protein"
o 1930s, John Northrop :
crystallized pepsin and trypsin. found them proteins → widly accepted
1958 : Koshland에 의해 Induced fit model 발표

효소의 역사 / History of enzyme (계속)
o 1960 : amino acid sequence of ribonuclease
o 1965 : three-dimensional structure of lysozyme (by X-ray crystallography)

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