(7/7) Chem HL IA rate of reaction, Arrhenius equation 관련

소개글

본 문서는 2021년 May session에 제출해 7점을 받은 Chemistry 최종 IA입니다.
Research question은 How does changing temperatures (C) of chlorine bleach (5% sodium hypochlorite, NaOCl (aq)) affect the rate of decolorization of blue no. 2 dye (Indigo carmine (aq), C16H8N2Na2O8S2 (aq)) and what is its implication on the activation energy of decolorization of indigo carmine? 입니다

rate of reaction, activation energy, Arrhenius equation 등을 주제로 한 sample IA가 필요한 분한테 유용합니다

목차

1. Research Question
2. Background Information
3. Hypothesis
4. Variables
5. Method- manipulation and control of variables
6. Method- choice of data processing and presentation
7. Data Collection and Processing
8. Data Analysis
9. Conclusion
10. Evaluation
11. References

본문내용

Research Question
How does changing temperatures (C) of chlorine bleach (5% sodium hypochlorite, NaOCl (aq)) affect the rate of decolorization of blue no. 2 dye (Indigo carmine (aq), C16H8N2Na2O8S2 (aq)) and what is its implication on the activation energy of decolorization of indigo carmine?

Background Information
I often use food dye when making icing cookies, and sometimes I spill the dye to my clothes. To remove stain on my clothes, I had to hand-wash my clothes with bleach to remove stain. While washing my clothes, I discovered that stains were removed more quickly when I used warm water to wash than when I used cold water. This discovery stimulated me to have a curiosity: Does the temperature of water affect the rate that stains get removed? Why stains are removed more quickly when I used warm water for laundry? Then I came up with the idea that temperature is related to the rate of reaction. I also recalled previous chemistry lesson, where I learned that by plotting graph of temperature and rate of reaction, activation energy of the reaction could be determined using Arrhenius equation. So I decided to conduct an experiment to find out the relationship between temperature and the rate of reaction between bleach and dye, and to use results from the experiment further to calculate activation energy of the reaction. Domestic chlorine based bleach (sodium hypochlorite (aq), NaOCl (aq)) and blue no. 2 dye (Indigo carmine (aq), C16H8N2Na2O8S2 (aq)) were used in the experiment.

Bleach is the generic term for substances that oxidize stains (Vincent S, 2017). When bleaching color items, oxygen based bleaches are used since they are less aggressive than chlorine based bleach (Vincent S, 2017). However, chlorine based bleach is used most commonly due to its cheap price. The two most common forms of hypochlorite bleach are sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), and calcium hypochlorite (CaOCl) (Vincent S, 2017).

참고 자료

Ana U, Cle ́sia N, Maria D, Rodrigo C, Marcos E, Rodinei A, (April 24th 2007). Indigo Carmine degradation by hypochlorite in aqueous medium monitored by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY, 21, 1893–1899. Retrieved from: http://thomson.iqm.unicamp.br/pdf/259.pdf
Anne H, (April 20th 2017). Activation Energy Definition - Ea in Chemistry. Retrieved from: https://www.thoughtco.com/activation-energy-definition-ea-606348
David J, (August 27th 2015). The Arrhenius Law: Arrhenius Plots. Retrieved from: https://chem.libretexts.org/Core/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry/Kinetics/Modeling_Reaction_Kinetics/Temperature_Dependence_of_Reaction_Rates/The_Arrhenius_Law/The_Arrhenius_Law%3A_Arrhenius_Plots
Jim C, (February 11th 2017). The Beer-Lambert Law. Retrieved from: https://chem.libretexts.org/Core/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry/Spectroscopy/Electronic_Spectroscopy/Electronic_Spectroscopy_Basics/The_Beer-Lambert_Law
Josias T, Rodrigo B, Jürgen A, Paulo C, (2014). Decolorization and degradation of Indigo Carmine dye from aqueous solution catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase. Biocatalysis and Biotransformation, 32 (1)
Nigel P, (n. d.). Rates of Reaction. Retrieved from: http://purchon.com/chemistry/?page_id=162
Nissa G, (n. d.). Sodium Hypochlorite: Structure, Uses & Formula. Retrieved from: https://study.com/academy/lesson/sodium-hypochlorite-structure-uses-formula.html
Pubchem, (July 19th, 2005). Indigo Carmine. Retrieved from: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/5284351#section=Top
Pubchem, (February 5th, 2008). Sodium Hypochlorite. Retrieved from: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/sodium_hypochlorite#section=Top
Risa T, (September 19th, 2014). Collision Theory and Factors Affecting Reaction Rates. Retrieved from: https://wilsonsch4u-03-2014.wikispaces.com/Unit+1+Energy+and+Rates
Todd H, July 10th 2017. Activation Energy Example Problem. Retrieved from: https://www.thoughtco.com/activation-energy-example-problem-609456
Vincent S, (April 24th, 2017). What Is the Chemical Formula of Bleach?. Retrieved from: https://sciencing.com/chemical-formula-bleach-6370801.html