헝가리 구비문학 연구

서지정보

ㆍ발행기관 : 한국구비문학회 ㆍ수록지정보 : 구비문학연구
ㆍ저자명 : 한경민

목차

1. 들어가는 말
2. 구비문학의 연구사
3. 구비문학의 용어 정의
4. 연구 환경
5. 헝가리 구비문학의 갈래
6. 맺는 말

한국어 초록

이 글은 헝가리 구비문학의 일반적인 개괄을 담고 있다. 헝가리 구비문학의 연구사와, 구비문학을 지칭하는 용어를 통해 민중이 주체이라는 일반적인 특징 이외에 노래의 형식으로 전한 것이 많다는 특징을 찾아낼 수 있었다. 연구 환경의 소개는 대학에 설치된 학과와 학술원 산하에 있는 연구소, 독립된 유럽 구비문학 연구소를 예시하였다.
본문의 가장 많은 부분은 이제까지의 헝가리 구비문학 연구를 요약해서 정리한 갈래 소개이다. 구비문학을 크게 4 갈래로 나누고, 각각에 속하는 장르의 특징을 개괄하도록 노력하였다. 구비문학 작품에는 헝가리 민족의 전통 관습과 신앙, 세계관이 녹아 있다. 그래서 구비문학 연구를 통해 헝가리 민족의 고유한 관습과 신앙을 이해할 수 있었다. 이 논문은 헝가리 구비문학의 개괄을 위해 기술되었지만 더 나아가 한국과 헝가리 구비문학 연구의 자료로, 헝가리 민족의 관습과 신앙을 우리에게 소개한 글이다.

영어 초록

It was 18th century when some important works of the hungarian transmitted literature were collected and recorded. In this period, Hungarian writers as well as the other europeans, had concentrated their concerns to the national tradition and characteristics, and naturally they contacted with the genre which had been transmitted from their ancestors. it was well known that the starting point of the trend on all europe was the publishing the Grimm brothers' fairly tale, Kinder und Haumärchen in 1812.
Since then many hungarian researcher had discovered and written down the text of the hungarian folklore and later they founded the Hungarian folklore association in Hungarian Academy of Sciences.

Hungarian transmitted literature can be divided in 4 genres.
-Transmitted poetry: folk song, ballade
-Transmitted prose: myth, legend, folk tale
-Transmitted drama: festival drama, religious drama, work drama
-Transmitted short sentence: episode, comedy, proverb and riddle
In the article, you can read some representative works and have the explanation of the specialities of the each genre. Transmitted poetry, for example, is the popular form in usual time. People sing a folk song about love, beauty and life. The styles of the songs are very simple, because the same text used to be repeated.
Ballade is longer than folk song. In ballade, we can read the famous historical accident and conflict between generations. The populist theme is the love that could not be tolerated and admitted.
Transmitted prose contains the old time customs and habits. The myth shows us the hungarian idea of the god. The legend deal with the lives of the saints and their mystical change. Folk tale was divided into many small themes, but it has a common structure which has similar beginning and closing. The hero is always the third, the youngest and the smallest child. But he achieves the most difficult work and takes the prize.
Transmitted drama is active and its text can be changed with the condition of the theatre. It is because the drama had not a formal written text. Besides the actors were not professional. Even the audience could be a actor or actress during operation. Even though the theaters were very delightful and full of audiences' fever. The drama was consist of humor, sexual parodies and severe critics to the priest and nobel class.
Also people often used the transmitted short sentences to teach somebody. The texts were very short and instructive to do something or not.
In conclusion, the hungarian transmitted literature is the great treasure, in which we can discover the hungarian's original view for the universe and the world. The purpose of this article is to provide the hungarian folklore's characteristic to korean folklorist. They can compare Hungarian folklore to the korean one in a comparative view.

참고 자료

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